How is "runway incursion" defined in aviation?

In aviation, "runway incursion" is defined as any unauthorized entry or presence of an aircraft on a runway. This encompasses situations where an aircraft or vehicle is on the runway without proper clearance, which can potentially lead to collisions or accidents. It's critical for maintaining flight safety that runways remain clear for landing and takeoff procedures.

Understanding this definition is crucial for pilots and air traffic control, as it emphasizes the importance of communication and adherence to clearance instructions. The term does not specifically refer to landing on the wrong runway, overshooting a runway, or making an emergency landing, as those scenarios do not involve unauthorized presence but rather improper execution of landing procedures. Therefore, the correct definition captures the essence of runway incursions as violations of air traffic rules that ensure safe operations at airports.